NEUROPLASTICITY : PLASTICITY IN BRAIN

 ABSTRACT

Research in the field of neurosciences and genetics has given us great insight into the understanding of learning, behavior and changes in the brain in response to experience. It is seen that brain is dynamically changing throughout life and is capable of tearing at any time. Plastic reorganization of the brain is now being studied in children and adults with new noninvasive tools such as functional brain magnetic resonance imaging.  Increasing evidence demonstrates that neuroplasticity, a fundamental mechanism of neuronal adaptation, is disrupted in mood disorders. Here we provide an overview of the evidence that chronic stress, which can precipitate or exacerbate depression, disrupts neuroplasticity, while antidepressant treatment produces opposing effects and can enhance neuroplasticity. Promising therapies that may enhance training-induced cognitive and motor learning, such as brain stimulation and neuropharmacological interventions, were identified, along with questions of how best to use this body of information to reduce human disability. Improved understanding of adaptive mechanisms at every level, from molecules to synapses, to networks, to behaviour, can be gained from iterative collaborations between basic and clinical researchers. Improved means of assessing neuroplasticity in humans, including biomarkers for predicting and monitoring treatment response, are needed. Neuroplasticity occurs with many variations, in many forms, and in many contexts. However, common themes in plasticity that emerge across diverse central nervous system conditions include experience dependence, time sensitivity and the importance of motivation and attention. Integration of information across disciplines should enhance opportunities for the translation of neuroplasticity and circuit retraining research into effective clinical therapies. Understanding how the brain's circuitry is sculpted during development provides an important perspective for thinking about neurodevelopmental disorders.

Keywords: neuroplasticity, plastic, remodel, neuropharmacological  interventions

INTRODUCTION

Neuroplasticity refers to the inherently dynamic biological capacity of the central nervous system (CNS) to undergo maturation, change structurally and functionally in response to experience and to adapt following injury. 

RISK OF COVID INFECTION AFTER VACCINATION

The novel corona virus infection is frighteningly increasing worldwide. The first known infection from Covid were discovered in Wuhan, China. However, the original source of infection is still unclear. Covid-19 is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Corona virus (SARS-COV-2). WHO declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic in March11, 2020. So far millions of millions of people have contracted to the virus worldwide and it has contributed to millions of death. An immense effort of scientific community has led to the development of more than 300 vaccine project . Many of which are under still undergoing clinical evaluation . Before the vaccine is approved for use, it is extensively tested through several clinical trials to ensure the vaccine is safe and demonstrate that it induce immune response. Few vaccine have passed those clinical trials and have been approved by WHO for emergency use.

Is Silver Filling Good Or Bad.....?

 

Silver filling

Silver filling also called amalgam filling. Although the name implies that the filling is made out of silver, in reality it only has about 32% of this material. Majority of a silver filling (50%) is actually mercury. 

Webinar On "Article Selection Criteria For Seminar Presentation"

 9th October,

Pokhara University Biomedical Association Of Students (PUBMAS) has successfully completed two days webinar on "Article Selection Criteria For Seminar Presentation" via ZOOM APP. The webinar was conducted on 7th and 8th october of 2020 with the aim of exploring and dispersion of knowledge related to article writing, article selection criteria for seminar presentation, purpose of publication of article, materials and method required for article publication and so on. 

POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME (PCOS) AND INSULIN RESISTANCE.

PCOS

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is an endocrine disorder common among the women of reproductive age. It is not only disorder of ovaries as the name suggests but also the metabolic and hormonal disorder which results in various symptoms like;

• Heavy ,painful and irregular menstrual cycles 

• Unwanted increase in